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What Determines Stress in Sḵwx̱wú7mesh (Squamish)?
Academic Work
The goal of this paper is to outline what determines stress in Sḵwx̱wú7mesh. Our basic claim is that stress is determined by three factors: (1) position (2) the lexicon (3) vowel features. Using an Optimality Theoretic framework (OT) we argue that the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh stress assignment pattern can be captured via the interaction of stress assignment constraints (McCarthy and Prince 1993), prosodic affix faithfulness constraints (Alderete 1997) and peak prominence constraints (Kenstowicz 1996). This paper will contribute to the literature on Sḵwx̱wú7mesh stress patterns (Davis (1984), Demers and Horn (1978) and Kuipers (1967), by contributing new data and examining the generalizations in an OT framework.
We begin our discussion with an overview of the relevant properties of the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh language. In Section 2 we provide a descriptive look at Sḵwx̱wú7mesh stress assignment in bisyllabic roots by introducing the relevant data that reveal the basic stress pattern in the language. In Section 3, we incorporate these generalizations into an OT framework and demonstrate that a particular metrical structure can capture the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh facts. Looking beyond simplex forms, in SEction 4 we present some morphologically complex forms and outline three types of lexical suffixes that interact with stress assignment; we then incorporate the two prosodic affix faithfulness constraints into the ranking. With a closer examination of vowel quality, in Section 5 we identify the vowel place specification that will be assumed for the inputs; we incorporate both feature faithfulness constraints and peak prominence constraints into the established constraint hierarchy. Using Kenstowicz's (1996) analysis of quality-sensitive stress, we demonstrate that Sḵwx̱wú7mesh provides further evidence for the necessity of sonority driven constraints. We conclude our discussion in Section 6 and provide an outline for further research.
We begin our discussion with an overview of the relevant properties of the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh language. In Section 2 we provide a descriptive look at Sḵwx̱wú7mesh stress assignment in bisyllabic roots by introducing the relevant data that reveal the basic stress pattern in the language. In Section 3, we incorporate these generalizations into an OT framework and demonstrate that a particular metrical structure can capture the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh facts. Looking beyond simplex forms, in SEction 4 we present some morphologically complex forms and outline three types of lexical suffixes that interact with stress assignment; we then incorporate the two prosodic affix faithfulness constraints into the ranking. With a closer examination of vowel quality, in Section 5 we identify the vowel place specification that will be assumed for the inputs; we incorporate both feature faithfulness constraints and peak prominence constraints into the established constraint hierarchy. Using Kenstowicz's (1996) analysis of quality-sensitive stress, we demonstrate that Sḵwx̱wú7mesh provides further evidence for the necessity of sonority driven constraints. We conclude our discussion in Section 6 and provide an outline for further research.
AW.00079
1998
Language and Linguistics
Papers for the International Conference on Salish Languages (ICS(N)L)
33, 407-427
33, 407-427
Copyright remains with the authors
Working Papers
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